Men and women often exhibit contrasting temperamental traits, with masculinity generally associated with a cold, reserved nature, and femininity with a warmer, more expressive disposition. However, exceptions exist, with some men displaying fiery, passionate characteristics, and some women manifesting a colder temperament.
In the realm of politics, this temperamental division becomes apparent, with conservatives typically embodying a more cold, reserved temperament, while liberals tend to exhibit a warmer, more dynamic nature. Conservatives often resist change, preferring to maintain the status quo and conserve their energy. In contrast, liberals are often characterized by their flexibility, intelligence, and a willingness to expend their energy freely.
Traditional thought has historically classified temperaments into four humours:
- Phlegmatic: This temperament is characterized as wet and cold, akin to the season of Autumn. Phlegmatic individuals tend to be older and exhibit conservative tendencies. They are content with their current position and show little inclination to take excessive risks or make drastic changes.
- Sanguine: The sanguine temperament is hot and wet, reminiscent of the season of Spring. Typically associated with youthful exuberance, sanguine individuals are full of energy, curiosity, and a carefree attitude, making them explorative and inquisitive.
- Choleric: Choleric individuals embody a hot and dry temperament, similar to the season of Summer. These individuals are characterized by their lean and assertive nature. They are direct, working incrementally and steadily to improve their position.
- Melancholic: The melancholic temperament is cold and dry, akin to the season of Winter. Melancholic individuals are highly conservative with their energy, especially during challenging conditions. They tend to be meticulous, detail-oriented, and reserved.
Each individual possesses varying degrees of these humours, which are often associated with bodily elements such as blood, black bile, yellow bile, and fire. These associations have been a longstanding part of historical and traditional temperament classification.